1st item
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
 Mask of Madness | 1,600 (31.7%) | +0.80 | Inconclusive |
 Mjollnir | 819 (16.2%) | +3.82 | Inconclusive |
 Hurricane Pike | 673 (13.3%) | −2.01 | Inconclusive |
Sniper build (patch 7.41f)
Sniper core items in patch 7.41f, ranked by WPA over 5,901 ranked matches (all ranks). Win rate alone is misleading: items bought from ahead win more because the game was going your way anyway. Learn more
- Matches
- 5,901
- Decisions
- 32.2K
- Confirmed
- 0
Overview
Each card compares the items of the same slot in the build. Click an item for details.
2nd item
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
 Aghanim's Shard | 1,030 (22.3%) | −1.70 | Inconclusive |
| Hurricane Pike | 846 (18.3%) | +0.55 | Inconclusive |
| Mjollnir | 621 (13.5%) | +1.13 | Inconclusive |
3rd item
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aghanim's Shard | 926 (24.1%) | −3.32 | Inconclusive |
| Hurricane Pike | 409 (10.6%) | +1.38 | Inconclusive |
 Black King Bar | 399 (10.4%) | −0.22 | Inconclusive |
4th+ item
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aghanim's Shard | 711 (12.5%) | −2.73 | Inconclusive |
 Daedalus | 668 (11.7%) | +1.37 | Inconclusive |
| Black King Bar | 546 (9.6%) | −2.78 | Inconclusive |
Boots
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
 Power Treads | 5,115 (98.7%) | – | Consensus · 98.7% of purchases |
 Phase Boots | 35 (0.7%) | −0.00 | Inconclusive |
Boots upgrade
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
 Boots of Travel | 56 (94.9%) | +0.15 | Inconclusive |
Lane item
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
 Wraith Band | 4,322 (85.6%) | +0.10 | Inconclusive |
 Magic Wand | 656 (13.0%) | −0.66 | Inconclusive |
2nd lane item
| Item | Purchases | WPA | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wraith Band | 2,621 (67.1%) | −3.51 | Inconclusive |
| Magic Wand | 1,135 (29.1%) | +0.64 | Inconclusive |
 Orb of Corrosion | 64 (1.6%) | −4.04 | Inconclusive |
Build by WPA
The item with the highest WPA in each slot, among items with at least 5% of the slot's purchases.
- 1st item: Mjollnir +3.82 pp
- 2nd item:
Hydra's Breath +2.75 pp - 3rd item: Hurricane Pike +1.38 pp
- 4th+ item: Daedalus +1.37 pp
- Boots: Power Treads consensus, 98.7% of purchases
- Lane item: Wraith Band +0.10 pp
In patch 7.41f, the highest WPA per slot for Sniper core is Mjollnir (+3.82) as 1st item, Hydra's Breath (+2.75) as 2nd item, Hurricane Pike (+1.38) as 3rd item, Daedalus (+1.37) as 4th+ item, Power Treads (consensus, 98.7% of purchases) as boots, Wraith Band (+0.10) as lane item. No item has a confirmed verdict; for the rest, the sign of the WPA is a trend. Base: 5,901 matches (all ranks).
All purchases
WPA of each item at any point of the match, against items of similar price. Useful for items outside the main order (Wand, Shard, expensive consumables).
| Item | Purchases | WPA | 95% CI | Win rate | Minute | Fate | Verdict |
|---|
How to read
What is WPA?
Win probability added: how much choosing an item changed the chance of winning, in percentage points, compared with what the hero usually buys in that same slot and situation. +1.0 means the choice won 1 percentage point more than the typical purchase. Unlike raw win rate, it accounts for the game state when the item was bought, so an item bought from ahead doesn't look good just because the game was already won.
Build slots
1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th+ count completed items. Components that become another item in most matches (Perseverance, Dragon Lance, Kaya) do not take a slot: the item they build into does. Boots get a card of their own.
Confirmed or not
The ✓ Better or ✕ Worse badge only appears when the effect passes the false discovery control (10%) in both ways of measuring: at the start of the decision and at the moment of purchase. Without a badge, the sign of the WPA is a trend.
Where the data comes from
Ranked (All Pick) matches parsed by OpenDota in the current patch. One model estimates the chance of winning from the game state; another, the effect of each item at the time of the decision. It is association, not causation: the model sees the game, not who is playing.